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　　六级选词填空 (一)

　　解析者：梁茂林

　　36. B. caters

　　37. M. recommended

　　38. D. debated

　　39. F. ideal

　　40. C. chronically

　　41. G. improvements

　　42. E. deprivation

　　43. L. ready

　　44. H. necessarily

　　45. O. target

　　详细解析：

　　本文节选自

　　New research shows a good night’s restisn’t a luxury–it’s critical for your brain and for your health

　　本文有较多删减，点击查看原文

　　http://sleep-apnea-dentist-nj.info/the-power-of-sleep/

　　As it is, sleep is so undervalued that getting

　　by on fewer hours has become a badge of honor. Plus, we live in a culture thatcaters to the late-nighter, from 24-hour grocery stores to online shoppingsites that never close. It’s no surprise, then, that more than half of Americanadults don’t get the 7 to 9 hours of shut-eye every night as recommended bysleep experts.

　　Whether or not we can catch up on sleep–on the weekend, say–is a hotly

　　debated topic among sleep researchers; the latest evidence suggests that whileit isn’t ideal, it might help. When Liu, the UCLA sleep researcher andprofessor of medicine, brought chronically sleep-restricted people into the labfor a weekend of sleep during which they logged about 10 hours per night, theyshowed improvements in the ability of insulin to process blood sugar. Thatsuggests that catch-up sleep may undo some but not all of the damage that sleepdeprivation causes, which is encouraging given how many adults don’t get thehours they need each night. Still, Liu isn’t ready to endorse the habit ofsleeping less and making up for it later.

　　Sleeping pills, while helpful for some, are not necessarily a silverbullet either. “A sleeping pill will target one area of the brain, but there’snever going to be a perfect sleeping pill, because you couldn’t reallyreplicate the different chemicals moving in and out of different parts of thebrain to go through the different stages of sleep,” says Dr. Nancy Collop,director of the Emory University Sleep Center.

　　36. B. caters 空格左是定语从句引导词that，并且that指代的是前面的aculture，所以空格内应该填一个第三人称单数形式的动词与介词to搭配。cater to表示“迎合”，原句译为：“另外，我们生活在一个迎合着晚睡者的文化里，从24小时营业的杂货店到线上售货店都从不关门。”

　　37. M. recommended 空格左是as，右边是介词by，推测空格内应该填一个动词的过去分词形式，结合语义，7到9小时睡眠应该是专家XX的，所以选择“推荐”。

　　38. D. debated 空格左边有hotly，右边为topic，空格内应填一个形容词，理解为“热烈地xxx的话题”，结合语义，故选“被讨论的”

　　39. F. ideal 空格与左边的it isn’t共同构成主系表结构，空格内一般选择形容词或带冠词的名词，结合...while...might help. 理解为“尽管它是xxx的，它仍然是有用的”，所以选”理想的”，符合语境。

　　40. C. chronically brought为谓语，空格右边是形容词，空格内应该填副词修饰右边的形容词。结合语义，选“长期地”来修饰“失眠的人”。

　　41. G. improvements 空格左边直接就是谓语show，空格内极有可能是一个复数名词，而且“进步”也符合原意。

　　42. E. deprivation that引导一个定语从句修饰the damage,翻译成睡眠xxx导致的破坏，所以sleep后面应该接一个名词，选E组成“睡眠匮乏”符合语境。

　　43. L. ready 根据“isn’t xxx to dosth.”表示“不…去做某事”，推测出空格内填一个形容词，选ready表示“Liu尚未准备好去接受这个习惯，少睡一些晚点再补觉的习惯”。

　　44. H. necessarily 空格所在句为主系表结构，不缺主要成分，所以空格内应该填一个副词修饰be动词，结合，选“必须地”符合语境，“尽管安眠药对于一些人是有效的，但并不一定是一个有效的解决良方”。

　　45. O. target 情态动词will后面一定是一个动词原形，只有target符合，表示“一片安眠药会瞄准大脑的一个区域…”。

　　六级选词填空

　　(第二套)

　　36 O vulnerable

　　37 J permanent

　　38A advocates

　　39N tighten

　　40K restricted

　　41E facilities

　　42G investigating

　　43M statistical

　　44C correlation

　　45D exercise

　　六级选词填空(第三篇)

　　长沙新东方国内部 梁茂林

　　来源：Who Killed the Nokia Phone?

　　Itseems to be a law in the technology industry that leading companies eventuallylose their positions – often quickly and brutally. Mobile-phone champion Nokia,one of Europe’s biggest technology success stories, was no exception, losingits market share in the space of just a few years. Can the industry’s newchampions, Apple and Google – not to mention titans in other tech sectors –avoid Nokia’s fate?

　　In 2007, Nokia accounted for more than 40% of mobile-phone sales worldwide. But

　　consumers’ preferences were already shifting toward touch-screen smartphones.With the introduction of Apple’s iPhone in the middle of that year, Nokia’smarket share shrunk rapidly and revenue plummeted. By the end of 2013, Nokiahad sold its phone business to Microsoft.

　　What sealed Nokia’s fate was a series of decisions made by Stephen Elop in his

　　position as CEO, which he assumed in October 2010. Each day that Elop spent atNokia’s helm, the company’s market value declined by €18 million ($23 million)– making him, by the numbers, one of the worst CEOs in history.

　　But Elop was not the only person at fault. Nokia’s board resisted change, making itimpossible for the company to adapt to rapid shifts in the industry. Mostnotably, Jorma Ollila, who had led Nokia’s transition from an industrialconglomerate to a technology giant, was too enamored with the company’sprevious success to recognize the change that was needed to sustain itscompetitiveness.

　　The company also embarked on a desperate cost-cutting program, which included the

　　elimination of thousands of jobs. This contributed to the deterioration of thecompany’s once-spirited culture, which had motivated employees to take risksand make miracles. Good leaders left the company, taking Nokia’s sense ofvision and direction with them. Not surprising, much of Nokia’s most valuabledesign and programming talent left as well.

　　36. E. exception

　　37. O. worldwide

　　38. N. transmitting

　　39. L. shrank

　　40. A. assumed

　　41. F. fault

　　42. H. notably

　　43. I. previous

　　44. C. desperate

　　45. D. deterioration

　　本文有较大删改，点击阅读原文：

　　http://www.project-syndicate.org/commentary/nokia-lessons-for-apple-and-google-by-pekka-nyk-nen-and-merina-salminen-2014-10

　　来源：长沙新东方

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