四级仔细阅读解析

新东方在线

　　Passage One

　　Living in an urban area with green spaces has a long-lasting positive impact on people's mental well-being， a study has suggested. UK researchers found moving to a green space had a sustained positive effect， unlike pay rises or promotions， which only provided a short-term boost. Co-author Mathew White， from the European Centre for Environment and Human Health at the University of Exeter， UK， explained that the study showed people living in greener urban areas were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety. “There could be a number of reasons，” he said， “for example， people do many things to make themselves happier： they strive for promotion or pay rises， or they get married. But the trouble with all those things is that within six months to a year， people are back to their original baseline levels of well-being. So， these things are not sustainable; they don‘t make us happy in the long term. We found that for some lottery(彩票)winners who had won more than ￡500，000 the positive effect was definitely there， but after six months to a year， they were back to the baseline.”

　　Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas had a lasting positive effect on people's sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time. To do this， the team used data from the British Household Panel Survey compiled by the University of Essex.

　　Explaining what the data revealed， he said： “What you see is that even after three years， mental health is still better， which is unlike many of the other things that we think will make us happy.” He observed that people living in green spaces were less stressed， and less stressed people made more sensible decisions and communicated better.

　　46. According to one study， what do green spaces do to people?

　　A) Improve their work efficiency.

　　B) Add to their sustained happiness.

　　C) Help them build a positive attitude towards life.

　　D) Lessen their concerns about material well-being.

　　47. What does Dr. White say people usually do to make themselves happier?

　　A) Earn more money.

　　B) Gain fame and popularity.

　　C) Settle in an urban area.

　　D) Live in a green environment.

　　48. What does Dr. White try to find out about living in a greener urban area?

　　A) How it affects different people.

　　B) How strong its effect is.

　　C) How long its positive effect lasts.

　　D) How it benefits physically

　　49. What did Dr. White research reveal about people living in a green environment?

　　A) Their stress was more apparent than real.

　　B) Their decisions required less deliberation.

　　C) Their memories were greatly strengthened.

　　D) Their communication with others improved.

　　50. According to Dr. White， what should the government do to build more green spaces in cities?

　　A) Find financial support.

　　B) Improve urban planning.

　　C) Involve local residents in the effort.

　　D) Raise public awareness of the issue.

　　46. B Add to their sustained happiness.

　　细节题。根据题干信息可定位到第1段的第1句话，该句说明green spaces对人的mental well-being有积极的好处，并进一步说明好处是sustained positive effect，故选B。A选项的efficiency未提及，C选项的positive attitude towards life未提及，D选项的material well-being未提及，三个选项均比较容易排除。

　　47. A Earn more money.

　　细节题。根据题干中的Dr. White和make themselves happier可定位在第一段的“people do many things to make themselves happier; they strive for promotion or pay rises, or they get married”，可见升职和加薪试人们更开心，故选A;B选项的迷惑性较大，gain fame and popularity指的是获得声名威望，原文未提及;C选项的urban area和D选项的green environment错误原因一致，在原文提到了，但是并不是使人更开心，而是“were displaying fewer signs of depression or anxiety”，故排除。

　　48. C How long its positive effect lasts.

　　细节题。根据定位词living in a greener urban area可定位至第二段的 “Dr. White said his team wanted to see whether living in greener urban areas has a lasting positive effect on people’s sense of well-being or whether the effect also disappeared after a period of time.” C选项的“该积极影响会持续多久”符合原文，而A选项中的它如何影响不同人，未提及，B选项的该积极影响有多强烈，未提及，D选项的它是否会从生理上使人们受益，未提及。

　　49. D Their communication with others improved.

　　细节题。根据题干信息可定位至第3段，文中指出 “people living in green spaces were less stressed, and less stressed people made more sensible decisions and communicated better.” 故选D，A选项stress was more apparent，与原文相反，B选项的deliberation未提及，C选项关于memories的信息未提及，故排除ABC选项。

　　50. A Find financial support.

　　细节题。根据题干信息可定位至最后一段，根据最后一句 “What we really need at a policy level is to decide where the money will come from to help support good quality local green spaces.”可知，政府应该做的是决定从哪获取资金支持，故选A，BCD中均出现未提及信息，故排除。