2021年12月英语四级考试真题-听力篇章（第二套）

　　【Section C】

　　Passage 1

Homework is an important part of schooling, but the purposes of giving children homework will change as they grow older. (16) At the primary level, the main aim is to cultivate good habits like learning to plan an exercising self discipline during the secondary school years. Extending what is learned at school is positively related to academic achievement. So the content of homework becomes more important.

(17) So how can you help your child do their best? Creating an ideal working environment will make it easier for them to get down to their assignments quickly, make sure it's free of distractions. And for primary school children at least somewhere near you, so you can answer questions and offer encouragement. You probably have to help younger children plan their session. But it's important that by the end of primary school, its second nature get them to tell you everything they have to do, (18) then encourage them to establish an order in which they do work when the several different assignments make sure they begin with one they enjoy.

So it seems easy to get started. It's best to take on the most difficult task second once they're settled but before they get tired, if older children have more than an hour of homework, encourage them to schedule a short break to stretch. If you encourage them to tell you what they've learned, they'll absorb the information more deeply and remember it more readily.

Question 16. What is the main aim of homework for primary school kids？

考查开头主旨的精准对应, 题到了不同阶段的作业目标, 根据提问限定“primary school kids” 确定答案句At the primary level, the main aim is to cultivate good habits like learning to plan an exercising self discipline during the secondary school years.

Question 17. What does the passage suggest parents do to help their children?

解析: 考查解决方案的细节对应, 通过设问句So how can you help your child do their best? 提到做法, 定位到答案句Creating an ideal working environment will make it easier for them to get down to their assignments quickly, make sure it's free of distractions.

Question 18. What should children do to deal with multiple assignments？

解析: 考查细节对应, 通过逻辑关系词But it's important that 开始进入答案区间, 结合提问deal with multiple assignments确定答案句为then encourage them to establish an order in which they do work when the several different assignments make sure they begin with one they enjoy. 其中different assignments 和multiple assignments为同义表达。

Passage 2

Workers at Mexican oil company will receive a health incentive of almost $300 a year, if they meet certain body weight standards. (19) To qualify for the bonus, they must maintain a healthy weight for those who are overweight or obese. They can receive the bonus if they reduce their weight by 10% during the year. Some applaud the policy as fair because it rewards both the individuals who maintain a healthy weight and those who are working towards achieving it.

(20) But critics say the policy contradicts recommendations by many health experts who warned that a person's weight is influenced by genetic and environmental factors. That means weight can be hard for individuals to control, which makes the bonus unfair. Some experts say the policy is inconsistent with the science of what we know about body weight regulation. These experts argue that focusing on weight is the wrong approach. (21) A more productive method of encouraging health among employees is to promote healthy behaviors. For example, companies can give workers gym memberships or encourage participation in lectures on healthy eating and living. They can also reduce sweets and provide healthier snacks in the office and healthier meals at the company canteen. Or they can give employees more time during their lunch break to exercise. These are much better and much more productive ways for companies to move forward on their employees' well being.

Question 19. Who will qualify for the bonus in Mexican oil company？

考察原文复现，难度较小。询问什么样的人有资格获得墨西哥石油公司的奖金，原文中直接出现meet certain body weight standards。

Question 20. What do critics think of Mexican oil company' s bonus policy？

考察原文复现，难度较小。询问批评家对于墨西哥石油公司奖金政策的看法，原文中直接出现which makes the bonus unfair。

Question 21. What do experts propose companies do about workers' well being？

考察同义替换，难度中等。询问专家建议公司如何去做来提升员工的健康，原文中提到promote healthy behaviors，其中promote=encourage。

Passage 3

(22) Campaigners have warned that the British government is not doing enough to prevent left-handed pupils from falling behind their peers. They claim that thousands of children are still being penalized for being left-handed. This is due to a lack of action from ministers who failed to take any meaningful action for years. It is feared that a failure to address early year challenges such as poor handwriting, these too much more serious problems down the line with these pupils facing reduced career prospects. (23) Studies in recent years show that left-handed children are more likely to suffer with learning difficulties and their scores are lower on IQ tests.

Campaigners feel it's strange that children and British schools are penalized because they happen to be left-handed. They don't understand why successive governments have failed to act on this. (24) They want the department of education to record which children are left-handed and what their educational attainments are, since they make up some 10% of the population. In early year education, left-handed children are struggling and making a mess of their handwriting. Educators don't know how to deal with this. In many cases, there's no active help and a lack of teacher training. Campaigners point out that a high percentage of the prison population is left-handed. (25) They say that these prisoner numbers are unusually high and ask why it is the case.

Question 22. Why are some people criticizing the British government？

考察语义理解，难度较大。询问人们为什么批评英国政府，原文提到Campaigners have warned that the British government is not doing enough to prevent left-handed pupils from falling behind their peers. 表明英国政府没有做足够多的事来帮助那些左撇子的儿童。

Question 23. What do studies in recent years show about left-handed children？

考察语义理解，难度较大。询问关于左撇子儿童，最近的研究表明了什么，根据定位词show， 可定位到原文Studies in recent years show that left-handed children are more likely to suffer with learning difficulties and their scores are lower on IQ tests. 表明左撇子儿童在学习方面更容易遇到困难。

Question 24. What do the campaigners demand the department of education do?

考察语义理解，难度较大。询问活动家要求教育部怎么做，文中提到They want the department of education to record which children are left-handed and what their educational attainments are, since they make up some 10% of the population。 表明活动家要求教育部记录左撇子儿童的学校表现。

Question 25. What do the campaigners want to know about left-handed prisoners？

考察原文复现，难度较小。询问关于左撇子的犯人，活动家想知道什么。文中直接提到 They say that these prisoner numbers are unusually high and ask why it is the case. 表明活动家想知道为什么左撇子犯人的数量这么高。