2022年6月英语四级写作之转折及让步词

　　转折关系

　　1.However

　　注意：however作“然而”讲时是副词，所以不能直接引导两个句子。

　　错误：This was not an easy decision, however, It is a decision that we feel is dictated by our duty.

　　正确：This was not an easy decision. However, It is a decision that we feel is dictated by our duty. 这可不是一个轻松的决定。不过我们觉得我们有责任做出这样的的决定。

　　2.yet

　　注意：yet作“然而”讲时是连词，可连接两个句子。

　　例句：It's a small car, yet it's surprisingly spacious. 这辆汽车不大，然而却出奇地宽敞。

　　3.on the contrary, in contrary, by contrary

　　例句：

　　In contrary, underdeveloped rural finance will restrict to the healthy development of rural economy. 相反，如果农村金融发展不足，将制约农村经济的健康发展。

　　On the contrary, we should strengthen our corporation with them. 相反，我们应该加强和他们的合作。

　　4.whereas

　　连词，可连接句子，引导与主句内容相对比的评论。

　　例句：Some of the studies show positive results, whereas others do not. 有一些研究结果令人满意，然而其他的则不然。

　　Benefits are linked to inflation, whereas they should be linked to the cost of living. 救济金与通货膨胀联系了起来，而它们应该与生活费用挂钩。

　　5.but

　　But为常用词，考生对此的掌握没有问题，此处不再赘述。

　　2

　　让步关系

　　1.although, even though, though, even if

　　在两个从句或句子之间可用上述词表示对比。Though都用于口语;都可用于句首或带有动词的从句开头。

　　注意even不能单独置于句首或从句开头以代替although，even though或though。

　　例句：Although they're expensive, they last forever and never go out of style. 尽管它们贵，它们永远耐用并且永不过时。

　　2.nevertheless, nonetheless副词。

　　例句：There is little chance that we will succeed in changing the law. Nevertheless, it is important that we try. 我们几乎没有可能改变法律。不过，重要的是我们努力争取。

　　The book is too long but, nonetheless, informative and entertaining. 这本书篇幅太长，但是很有知识性和趣味性。

　　3.notwithstanding

　　表“尽管”，作副词和介词用。

　　例句：Notwithstanding, the problem is a significant one. 然而，这个问题仍很重要。

　　The bad weather notwithstanding, the event was a great success. 尽管天气恶劣，活动还是取得了巨大的成功。

　　4.despite, in spite of

　　注意后不可跟句子。例句：She was good at physics despite the fact that she found it boring. 尽管她认为物理枯燥无味，她却学得很好。

　　诸如此类的句子还有很多，在这里我们就不一一列举了，万变不离其宗，其实如果你仔细归类，就会发现英语中有好多词可以互相替换，只要再牢牢记住几个句式，想要作文“脱颖而出”也并非那么难的。当然努力是前提，大家加油吧!